project-base/docker-compose.yml

services:
  # ----------------------------------------
  # 1. Frontend (Nginx 정적 호스팅)
  # ----------------------------------------
  frontend:
    container_name: ${PROJECT_NAME}-frontend
    build:
      context: ./${FRONTEND_DIR}
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      args:
        - BUILD_MODE=${BUILD_MODE}
        - VITE_API_BASE_URL=${BACKEND_API_URL}
    expose:
      - "8080"
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=${APP_ENV}
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - app-network
      - proxy
    depends_on:
      - backend
    healthcheck:
      # localhost 는 컨테이너 안에서 ::1 로 먼저 해석되는데 nginx 는 IPv4 만 바인딩하므로 127.0.0.1 을 명시한다
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/ || exit 1"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 10s
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '0.5'
          memory: 512m

  # ----------------------------------------
  # 2. Backend (HTTP API & WebSocket 통합)
  # ----------------------------------------
  backend:
    container_name: ${PROJECT_NAME}-backend
    build:
      context: ./${BACKEND_DIR}
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    expose:
      - "${BACKEND_PORT}"
      - "${WEBSOCKET_PORT}"
    # PID 1 을 tini 로 두어 SIGTERM 이 애플리케이션까지 확실히 전달되게 한다 (graceful shutdown)
    init: true
    # 처리 중인 요청을 마칠 시간 — 초과하면 SIGKILL (기본 10초)
    stop_grace_period: 30s
    env_file:
      - ./${BACKEND_DIR}/.env.${APP_ENV}
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=${APP_ENV}
      - PORT=${BACKEND_PORT}
      - WEBSOCKET_PORT=${WEBSOCKET_PORT}
      - CORS_ORIGIN=${CORS_ORIGIN}
      - THROTTLE_TTL_MS=${THROTTLE_TTL_MS:-60000}
      - THROTTLE_LIMIT=${THROTTLE_LIMIT:-100}
      - DB_HOST=db
      - DB_PORT=5432
      - DB_USER=${DB_USER}
      - DB_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
      - DB_NAME=${DB_NAME}
      - DB_SYNCHRONIZE=${DB_SYNCHRONIZE:-false}
      - UPLOAD_DIR=/app/uploads
      - UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE_MB=${UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE_MB:-5}
      - REDIS_HOST=redis
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD}
    # 업로드 파일은 컨테이너 재생성과 무관하게 보존되어야 한다
    volumes:
      - ${UPLOAD_DATA_DIR:-./data/uploads}:/app/uploads
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - app-network
      - proxy
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy
      # redis 는 profile 로 비활성화될 수 있으므로 선택적 의존으로 둔다
      redis:
        condition: service_healthy
        required: false
    healthcheck:
      # localhost 는 컨테이너 안에서 ::1 로 먼저 해석되는데 Node 는 0.0.0.0(IPv4) 바인딩이므로 127.0.0.1 을 명시한다
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:${BACKEND_PORT}/ || exit 1"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 30s
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '1.0'
          memory: 1g

  # ----------------------------------------
  # 3. Database (PostgreSQL) — 내부 네트워크 전용
  # ----------------------------------------
  db:
    container_name: ${PROJECT_NAME}-db
    image: ${DB_IMAGE}
    expose:
      - "5432"
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: ${DB_USER}
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
      POSTGRES_DB: ${DB_NAME}
    volumes:
      - ${DB_DATA_DIR}:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    restart: always
    networks:
      - app-network
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U ${DB_USER} -d ${DB_NAME}"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 10s
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '0.5'
          memory: 512m
    labels:
      - "com.centurylinklabs.watchtower.enable=true"

  # ----------------------------------------
  # 4. Redis — 내부 네트워크 전용 · 기본 비활성
  #
  # 기본적으로 기동하지 않는다. 캐시/세션 공유가 실제로 필요해질 때 켠다.
  #   루트 .env.{APP_ENV} 에서  COMPOSE_PROFILES=redis
  #   또는 일회성으로        docker compose --profile redis up -d
  # ----------------------------------------
  redis:
    profiles: ["redis"]
    container_name: ${PROJECT_NAME}-redis
    image: ${REDIS_IMAGE}
    command: redis-server --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD}
    expose:
      - "6379"
    volumes:
      - ${REDIS_DATA_DIR}:/data
    restart: always
    networks:
      - app-network
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "redis-cli -a ${REDIS_PASSWORD} ping | grep PONG"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 5s
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '0.25'
          memory: 256m
    labels:
      - "com.centurylinklabs.watchtower.enable=true"

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge
  proxy:
    external: true